Table of Contents
Introduction to Metformin
Metformin is the first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people who are overweight. It is also used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Indication (What it is used for)
Metformin is primarily indicated to lower high blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. By keeping blood sugar stable, it prevents long-term complications like nerve damage, vision problems, and heart issues.
Mechanism of Action
Unlike other anti-diabetic drugs, Metformin does not increase insulin secretion. Instead, it:
- Decreases glucose production by the liver.
- Increases insulin sensitivity in the peripheral tissues.
- Decreases intestinal absorption of glucose.
Dosage and Administration
Always follow your doctor’s exact instructions. Metformin is typically taken orally with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
Side Effects and Precautions
Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, and flatulence. Rare but serious risks include lactic acidosis, which requires immediate emergency intervention.
Summary
Metformin remains a cornerstone in diabetes management. Consult a licensed clinician before altering or stopping your dosage.